Muscle Anatomy
- Superficial
- Latismuss dorsi
- Origin – spinous processes
- Insertion – intertubercular groove of humerus
- Implication
- Latismuss dorsi
- Deep
- Superficial
- Sacrospinalis (erector spinae) (medial to lateral)
- Multifidus
- Longismus
- Iliocostalis
- Sacrospinalis (erector spinae) (medial to lateral)
- Deep
- Rotatores
- Origin: Base of spinous process
- Insertion: leading edge of laminae
- Intertransversari
- Insertion – TP
- Origin – Inf TP
- Rotatores
- Superficial


Bony Anatomy

Approach
- Landmark
- Incision
- Fascial incision
- Bony exposure
- Thoracic spine
- Spinous process
- Subperiosteal dissection down to base of spinous process
- Laminae to transverse processes
- Dissect rotatores distal-> proximal (see diagram on right)
- Spinous process
- Thoracic spine
