Principles
- Anchor point above and below
- HD stability
- Assume 2L blood loss
- If over, stage it
- Neuromonitoring
Flexible vs Rigid Deformity
- Flexible
- Compression/ distraction
- Posterior column osteotomies (SPO)
- Rigid deformity
- Rigid with mobile disc: SPO
- Rigid ankylosed sagittal: PSO, VCR
- Rigid ankylosed coronal: asymmetric PSO, VCR
Spectrum of Osteotomies
- Ponte
- For thoracic kyphosis
- Posterior shorten
- Smith Peterson SPO
- Posterior shorten, anterior length
- Hinge is posterior VB
- 10 degrees per level
- Pedicle subtraction
- Posterior shorten, anterior no change
- Hinge anterior cortex
- 30 degrees per level
- Vertebral column resection
- Entire segment removed (VB, disc above and below)
- A and P recon needed
Schwabb Classification
- Type 1: Inferior facet
- Type 2: superior facet
- Type 3: PSO
- Type 4: Transdiscal PSO
- Type 5: VCR
- Type 6: multilevel VCR